Objective[|]In developing countries such as Turkey, high mortality rates associated with childhood poisonings are an important problem that needs to be solved. This study aims to discuss the points to be considered about the medico-legal approach to childhood poisoning cases in emergency services and to provide regional data about childhood poisoning cases.[¤]Materials and Methods[|]Patient files (n=62,999) belonging to patients who applied to the Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Emergency Unit between January 01, 2012 and June 30, 2013 were examined retrospectively. Demographic data, poisoning type and location, physical examination findings, consultations, and the decisions about treatment and hospitalization belonging to 271 poisoning cases aged between 0 and 9 years were evaluated.[¤]Results[|]From a total of 271 first decade childhood poisoning cases, 145 were females and 126 were males. The mean age was 2.78±1.83 years. The first application reason to the emergency service was taking/doubt about taking medications (n=141, 52.0%). One hundred and eighty-one cases were discharged from the emergency service after the examination process, 56 (20.7%) cases were hospitalized, 29 cases (10.7%) refused the treatment, and five cases (1.8%) left the hospital without permission.[¤]Conclusion[|]Childhood poisoning cases are still a problem in Turkey. In addition, governmental centers for preventing poisoning are required. For both managing the legal case and planning the treatment, performing detailed systemic examination and collecting information about the poisoning are the most important steps. Moreover, increasing the awareness of parents about their protection obligations and informing them about child neglect and precautionary warnings could be for the benefit of families and the society.[¤]