Objective: This study investigated the associations between functional status, pain, mandibular range of motion (ROM), neck disability, and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs).
Materials and Methods: This study included 54 adults previously diagnosed with TMD. Mandibular function was assessed using the Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire (MFIQ), and pain intensity was rated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Mandibular ROM was measured with digital calipers. Neck-related functional limitation was assessed using the Neck Disability Index, and participants’ QoL was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficients, with the significance level set at p<0.05.
Results: MFIQ scores showed a strong correlation with pain intensity (r=0.87, p<0.001) and neck disability (r=0.71, p<0.001), and a moderate correlation with mandibular ROM (r=–0.65, p<0.001). Mandibular dysfunction was also correlated with all WHOQOL-BREF domains, particularly physical health (r=–0.78, p<0.001) and psychological health (r=–0.69, p<0.001). These findings indicate that greater functional impairment is associated with increased pain, reduced mandibular mobility, greater neck disability, and diminished overall QoL.
Conclusion: Mandibular dysfunction in TMD is closely associated with pain severity, neck disability, and poor QoL. These findings emphasize the functional and biomechanical interdependence between the temporomandibular and cervical regions. Comprehensive management strategies addressing both musculoskeletal and psychosocial components may optimize rehabilitation outcomes and improve the well-being of individuals with TMD.