Neutropenic enterocolitis is an acute complication of neutropenia induced by chemotherapy, characterized by inflammatory processes involving the colon and cecum that can lead to necrosis, hemorrhage, perforation, and septicemia. Usually, this condition develops after use of cytotoxic drugs, and fever and abdominal pain are the main symptoms. We present a case of a 38 year old female patient with breast cancer who received doxorubicin and docetaxel and presented typhlitis.